Lubricating system



2 Sheets-Sheet l Il IA.

Jan.-3, 1933. F. J. RAYFIELD LUBRICATING' SYSTEM Filed July-9. 1951 JalL 3, 1933. F, J, RAYFlELD i 1,892,849

LUBRICATING SYSTEM A lFiled July 9, 1951 2 Shets-Sheet 2 ETE/ 3 if fly JE- Patented Jan. 3, 1933 UNITED STATES PATE-Nr OFFICE;

FREDERICK J. BAYFIELD, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB 'ro CHAMPION PNEU- MATIC MACHINERY oo., OF CIIrCAGO, ILLINOIS, A ConrOnA'rIoN OF ILLINOIS LUBRICATING svs'rniirV Application led .Truly 9, 1931. Serial No. y549,712.

My invention relates to a lubricating system or arrangement particularly useful and eflcient for lubricating the bearings of a crank or eccentric driven connecting rod, and

the bearings of the cross head or piston and the cross head pin or wrist pin in structures such aspumps, compressors or the lilre.

An important object of the invention is to provide an arrangement in which oil is received from a well by a channel between the eccentric and eccentric strap on the connecting rod and is propelled principally by friction during relative movement vof the eccentric and strap to be delivered through the connecting rod to the bearing surfaces to be lubricated.

A further object is to provide means for adjusting the quantity of lubricating oil delivered to the various bearings7 independently 2.9 of the relative speed of the eccentric and strap.

A further object is to provide adjustable means for bypassing back to theoil reservoir part of the oil propelled upwardly therefrom by the relative movement of the eccentric and strap so that the amount of oil delivered to the bearing surfaces may be accurately adjusted for.` i

The above enumerated and other import- 39 ant features of the invention are incorporated in the structure disclosedon the drawings, in which drawings Figure l is a side elevation of a pump structure with the lower part thereof in vertical 35 diametral section;

Figure 2 is an enlarged side elevation of the connecting rod and the eccentric engaged thereby;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 show- 4!) ing a modified arrangement of the oil propelling passageway Figure 4 is'an enlarged section on plane IV-IV of Figure 1, showing'the adjustable by ass valve;

" Figure 5 is` a view similar to Figure l showing a modified arrangement of valve; and

Figure 6 is anenlarged section on plane VI-VI of Figure 1.

The pump structure shown in Figure l 5,0 comprises the base part v1() andthe upper part 11. The base part 10 provides a crank chamber 12 across which extends the drive shaft 13 which may be driven by a motor or by pulley and belt, or Otherwise. On the shaft is secured the eccentric 14 surrounded by the eccentric strap or head 15 of the connecting rod 16. At its upper end the connecting rod has the bearing head 17 which receives the cross head pin 18 seated in the radial bores 19 and V2() of the cylindrical cross head 21, the pin being locked in position by a set screw or key 22'. The cross head reciprocates in the cylindrical cross head guide sleeve 23 forniing part of the base structure 10.l A rod 24 secured to the top of the cross head 21 extends upwardly to the piston (not shown)`within the cylinder structure 25 of the upper part 111, The operationof the piston within the cylinder 25 may compress or pump a Huid which is delivered through the pipe 26.

1n the arrangement of'Figure 1, the eccentric'14 has the circumferential groove or chan.- nel 27 in its cylindrical side, which groove is in a plane at right angles to ltheaxis of the shaft 13. At its lower end, the eccentric head 15 has the inlet passageway or port 28 extending from the outer face of the head to the lchannel 27. Just behind this port the eccentric head has the abutment or deflect-or lug 29 extending therefrom and when the eccentric 14 rotates in clockwise direction as indicated by thearrow, and as the eccentric mechanism travels through the oil at the bottom of the crank case 12', oil is pushed by the lug 29 and deflected upwardly through the port 28 into the passageway or channel 27, and by the. frictional engagement of the eccentric with the oil, the oil is propelled in clockwise direction upwardly through the channel 27 toward thelower end of the pas sageway 30 extending upwardly through the connecting rod 16.

As shown in Figure l, the channel 27 extends entirely around the eccentric and I extend a valveBl downwardly through the eccentric 'head at the right of the inlet of the duct 30 through the connecting rod, the valve being adjustable so that its end may be"'ex tended into the channel 23 to entirely close the channel lor to leave it partly open. The valve may be in the form of a threaded stem, and if the channel 27 is of semi-circular cross section the end of the stem could be semi-spherical to lit the channel. A lock nut 32 may be provided to secure the valve in adjusted pesition. lf the valve is screwed down so that its end entirely obstructs or closes the channel 2T at that point, all of the oil propelled upwardly by the eccentric will flow into and through the duct 30 which at its upper end communicates with the bore 33 through cross head pin 18, so that the oil may flow into the bores 19 and 2O to lubricate the pin an d the cross head and cross head guide bearing surfaces.

If the valve is adjusted to leave an opsning in the passageway 2'? at that point, right half of the channel 27 between the va and the, port 2S wll form a bypass through which part of the oil carried upwardly by the eccentric movement may flew hack so that only part of the oil carried up bythe eccentric will be delivered and forced through the duct 30. The amount of oil delivered to the bearing surfaces by way of the duct 30 can thus be accurately adjusted for. The friction of the eccentric on the oil in the right half of the duct will carry this oil downwardly and will create more or less vacuum effect which will withdraw and bypass the desired proportion of the oiln depending upon the setting of the valve 31., so that only the desired amount of oil will be forced upwardly through the duct 30.

As the cross head 2l moves upwardly any surplus oil between it and its guide 23 will be received in the annular pocket 83 at the upper end of the guide, and when the cross head moves downwardly, the collected oil will flow into the annular well 34 at the top of the cross nead and will flow down through the passage 35 to drop back into the crank case.

instead of having a rigid valve as shown in Figure 4, a ball valve 36 may be used which is yieldingly held in the channel 27 by a comparatively light spring 37 whose pressure may be adjusted by means of a screw 38. During operation of the eccentric mechanism the pressure of the oil forced upwardly to the connecting rod duct 30 will partially unseat the ball valve for the direct return or bypass of part of the oil so that only the desired amount of lubricating oil will be delivered to the cross head structure.

in the modified arrangement shown in Figure 2, the oil channel 39 is provided in the eccentric head instead of in the eccentric, and an adjustable valve 40 is projected into the channel for direct return or bypassing of oil so that only the desired amount of oil is delivered for lubrication purposes.

In the modified arrangement shown in Figure 3, the channel all is provided in the eccentric head and extends only from the inlet port 28 to the inlet of the connecting rod duct 30. An adjustable valve carried by the eccentric head in advance of the duct 30 is projected into the channel il to determine the amount of oil delivered to the duct 30.

ln the arrangement of Figures 1, 4, and 5 where the valve projects into the channel formed in the eccentric, the valve serves thc additional purpose of keeping the eccentric strap axially aligned on the eccentric.

In my improved arrangement, the channel in the eccentric structure does not directly pick up oil from the supply in the crank case, but such oil is received from the inlet port 28 through the eccentric head into which oil is forced and deflected during sweep of the lugl 29 through the oil during operation of the machine. After the channel receives the oil the frictional engagement therewith means of the valve structure, accurate adjustmcnt can be made for the desired amount of oil to be delivered to the bearing surfaces, thus preventing waste of oil.

1 have shown several practical and efficient embodiments of the features of my in- Y vention but 1 do not desire to be limited to the exact structure, arrangement and operation shown and described as changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined bythe appended claims.

claim as follows:

l. ln combination, a. casing forming an oil well, a shaft rotatable in said casing, an eccentric member rotatable with said shaft, a l connecting rod having a head surrounding said eccentric member, there being an oil channel extending completely around between said eccentric member and head entirely inwardly from the sides thereof, there being an inlet passage through the surrounding head at the lower part thereof for conducting oil from the well into the said channel, said connecting rod having a duct extending longitudinally therethrough communicating at its lower end with the channel, the relative movement of said eccentric member and head causing propulsion of oil through said channel from said inlet toward said duct, a member extending through said head and projecting into said channel adjacent to the end of said duct for deilecting the oil from said channel to flow into and through said duct, said member being adjustable whereby part of the oil may flow past said' member and back toward said well.

2. ln combination, a. casing forming an oil well, a shaft rotatable in said casing, an eccentric member rotatable with the shaft, a connecting rod having a head surrounding said eccentric member, there being a channel 'extending entirely around between said eccentric member and the surrounding head and entirely inwardly from the sides thereof, an inlet passage through said head near the lower part thereof for conducting oil from said oil chamber into said channel, rotation of said eccentric member relative to the head causing the oil to be carried by friction through said channel, said connecting rod having a duct extending therethrough communicating at one end with said channel, and adjustable means engaging in said channel for intercepting part of the oil flowing therethrough and deflecting it to flow into and through said duct.

3. In combination, a casing forming an oil well, a shaft rotatable in said casing, an eccentric member rotatable with the shaft, a connecting rod having a head surrounding said eccentric member and extending upwardly, means connected with the upper end of said connecting rod for travel therewith, there being a channel extending around between said eccentric member and surroundinO head entirely inwardly from the sides thereof, an inlet passage through said head near the lower part thereof, a wing extending from said head adjacent to said inlet passageway for deilecting oil into said passageway for flow int-o said channel when said eccentric member rotates, rotation of said eccentric member causing the oil to circulate through said channel, said connecting rod having a duct therethrough communicating with said channel and extending to the outer end of the rod to deliver lubricating oil to the parts connected therewith, and adjustable means extending into said channel for deiiecting part of the oil circulating therethrough to flow into and through said duct.

t. In combination, a casing forming an oil well, a shaft rotatable in said casing, an eccentric member rotatable with said shaft, a, connecting rod having a head surrounding said eccentric member, means providing an oil channel extending completely around between said eccentric member and head and entirely inwardly from the sides thereof, there being an inlet passage through the surrounding head at the lower part thereof for conducting oil from the well into said channel, said connecting rod having a duct extending longitudinally therethrough communicating at its lower end with said channel, the relative movement of said eccentric member and head tending to circulate oil through said channel, and an intercepting member projecting from said head into said channel adjacent to the end of said duct for intercepting and deflecting oil from said channel to flow into and through said duct.

5. In combination, a casing forming an oil well, a shaft rotatable in said casing, an eccentric member rotatable with said shaft, a connecting rod having a head surrounding said eccentric member, said eccentric member having an oil channel extending completely around between said eccentric member and head entirely inwardly from the sides thereof, there being an inlet passage throu h the surroundinghead at the lower part t ereof for conducting oil from the well into said channel, said connecting rod having' a duct extending longitudinally therethrough communicating at its lower end with said chan-V nel, the relative movement of said eccentric member and head tending to t-:irculate oil through and entirely around said channel, anintercepting member on said head projecting into said channel adjacent to the end of said duct for intercepting and deflecting oil from said channel to flow into and through said duct, said intercepting member acting also as a key to prevent axial relative displacement of said eccentric member and head.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name at Chicago, Cook County,

Illinois.

FREDERICK J. R-AYFIELD. 

